Screen Printing Techniques
Screen printing is one of the initial methods used in printing process. In this process, the ink or any other printing medium is passed through a screen or ‘mesh’ that has been fixed on a frame, and a stencil has been applied to it. The image that needs to be imprinted is determined from the stencil openings. For the different colors, different screens are prepared and the process is repeated.
Silk screening or serigraph also involves screen printing. In this, the stencil method of the print making imposes a design on the screen of silk or any other fine mesh and the empty areas are covered with an impermeable substance while the ink is put on the printing surface through the mesh. The silk printing was the traditional method but now it has been replaced with the polyester for screen painting.
During the reign of Song dynasty in China, the screen printing appeared in the recognizable form. Japan and other Asian countries started using this printing method and advanced it further by using this in conjunction with paints and block printing. Asia introduced screen painting to the Western Europe in the late 1700s but screen painting was not used widely in the Europe due to unavailability of silk mesh here and it started gaining wider acceptance when silk mesh on trade with Asia became easily available and also, other mediums that could be used were developed.
In the United States, the screen printing was popularized by artist Andy Warhol, he screen printed actress Marilyn Monroe in’62. A rotary machine was patented by Michael Vasilantone in’60 to print logos and team information on bowling garments but shortly, started printing on t-shirts. It was soon licensed by many manufactures for screen printing of garments making the rotary garment printing machine as a popular device for screen printing. In the United States, screen printing on garments account for almost half of the screen printing activity.
The screen printing was developed as an industrial technology but it was adopted by the artist for expressing and as a repeating medium to duplicate their works before ’00s. This is a very popular in both the commercial printing and also by artists and it is used to print images on different mediums like CD and DVD covers, glassware, ceramics, hats, woodwork, metals, t-shirts and hats.
Screen printing is used extensively in the printing industry to mass create so many items specifically t-shirts. It is excellent for both short and long-run printing. For large volumes the process can be set up on a printing drum but for small runs a simple manual setup can be used.
The Corporate have well utilized this option and have started giving their employees and clients corporate gifts that are screen printed with different ideas and also corporate logos. This is a good way in which the corporate can increase their presence. The Corporate gifts are usually given once or twice to the employees. The screen printed corporate gifts are like t-shirts made in different sizes and styles keeping in mind the different employees. The corporate gifts can also be in form of mugs, beer and wine glasses, and many corporate give their best employees fully paid vacations.
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